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الاهمية الجيوبولتيكية للمنافذ الحدودية الغربية العراقية منفذ طريبيل انموذجا






 مستخلص رسالة ماجستير للطالبة بان جبار عبد الزهرة حسين كلية التربية الجامعة المستنصرية قسم الجغرافية الاحد 2023/4/16

لجنة المناقشة 

ا.د دياري صالح مجيد   رئيسا 

ا.د فراس عبد الجبار عبد الله عضوا

ا.م.د ماهر اسماعيل ابراهيم عضوا 

ا.م احلام احمد عيسى عضوا ومشرفا 


المنافذ الحدودية اليوم من اهم الركائز السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية بين الدول وتختلف ، مهام انشائها تبعا لنوع العلاقات السياسية والوظيفية التي تؤديها  وتعتبر واجهة الدولة التي تتمثل بها السيادة الوطنية وبوابتها باتجاه العالم الخارجي. توضح الدراسة الوزن الجيوبولتيكي للمنافذ الحدودية الغربية في محافظة الانبار، ان الأساس بإنشاء أي منفذ حدودي ينبثق من ، علاقات سياسية بين دولتين تشتركان في الحدود وجانب اقتصادي ينظم باتفاق سياسي، لقد تأثرت البنية الإدارية للمنافذ الغربية بدخول عصابات (داعش) الارهابية في محافظة الانبار وفرض سيطرتهم عليها، ان محافظة الانبار تمتلك مقومات جغرافية تؤهلها لتبوأ مكانة اقتصادية اكبر ، يمكن ان تغير معادلة التجارة مع دول الجوار ، حيث ان المنافذ الغربية الواقعة جميعها ضمن محافظة الانبار وعددها أربعة منافذ حدودية برية  تمتلك موقعا جغرافيا مميزا يكون ممرا للتجارة الدولية التي تربط البحر المتوسط بالخليج العربي وتمتلك أيضا ثروات طبيعية هائلة وخاصة النفط والغاز الطبيعي وقاعدة صناعية وثروة بشرية وارض واسعة يمكن استثمارها بالزراعة، ان المتغيرات التي شهدتها المنطقة لها الأثر الأكبر في عمل هذه المنافذ وادائها بين مرحلة وأخرى حيث نجدها تؤدي دورا حيويا واستراتيجيا واقتصاديا وتارتا تتوقف عن العمل لتعود مرة أخرى، لتؤدي دور اكثر حيوية ونشاط بسبب تأثير التغيرات السياسية بالعراق وخاصة بعد 2003 .ان منفذ طريبيل كان الأكثر نشاطا تجاريا من بقية المنافذ الحدودية الغربية وكذلك بالنسبة للمنافذ البرية العراقية  من خلال حجم التبادل التجاري الواقع خلاله بسبب استقرار العلاقات السياسية بين الطرفين طيلة العقود الأربعة المنصرمة،  حيث بلغت الأهمية النسبية لمنفذ طريبيل عام 2019 (38.52) %وبلغت أهميته النسبية من المنافذ الحدودية البرية العراقية سنة 2020 (52.87) %وان هذه النسبة المتفوقة لمنفذ طريبيل دليل على أهميته الاقتصادية ،هناك تبعية اقتصادية للعراق اتجاه دول الجوار، حيث ان الإيرادات المتحققة من عمل المنافذ الغربية لسنة 2020 بلغت (14864357.9)  مليون دولار وكان نسبة نصيب منفذ طريبيل منها (94%).

للمنافذ الحدودية الغربية وزن سياسي واقتصادي ساهم بتمتين العلاقات بين العراق ودول الجوار يمكن توظيفها بترسيخ الامن والسلام والتكامل الاقتصادي, ولأهمية المنافذ يجب تطويرها عن طريق استراتيجيات معينة بالاعتماد عل نسبة المنافذ ونسبة محافظة الانبار من الإيرادات المتحققة من عمل المنافذ والبالغة (50) % من هذه الإيرادات مع توفر عوامل وقاعدة وطنية للنهوض بها على الرغم من المشكلات التي تواجه عمل المنافذ السياسية والأمنية والعوامل الإدارية في مقدمتها الفساد ، وان من اهم سبل التطوير فتح منفذ حدودي جديد بين العراق والأردن وبناء مستقرات سكنية لجذب السكان واستخدام الربط الالكتروني مع دول الجوار لانسيابية العمل وضرورة الاهتمام بالبنى الارتكازية والنهوض بالواقع الزراعي والصناعي لتخليص الدولة من التبعية الاقتصادية . وتضمنت الدراسة أربعة فصول تناول  الفصل الأول البنية الإدارية للمنافذ الحدودية العراقية الغربية والفصل الثاني وضح الخصائص الجغرافية (الطبيعية والبشرية والاقتصادية) واثرها على المنافذ الحدودية الغربية والفصل الثالث ناقش المنافذ الحدودية الغربية ودورها في علاقات العراق مع دول الجوار والفصل الرابع  خصص لاهم الاستراتيجيات تطوير عمل المنافذ الحدودية العراقية  الغربية وخرجت الدراسة بمجموعة من الاستنتاجات والمقترحات.


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-webkit-flex:0 0 auto; -ms-flex:0 0 auto; flex:0 0 auto } .search-expand-text{ display:none } .search-close{ display:inline; vertical-align:middle } .search-input{ -webkit-box-flex:1; -webkit-flex:1 0 1px; -ms-flex:1 0 1px; flex:1 0 1px } .search-input input{ background:0 0; border:0; box-sizing:border-box; color:$(body.text.color); display:inline-block; outline:0; width:calc(100% - 48px) } .search-input input.no-cursor{ color:transparent; text-shadow:0 0 0 $(body.text.color) } .collapsed-header .centered-top-container .search-action,.collapsed-header .centered-top-container .search-input input{ color:$(body.text.color) } .collapsed-header .centered-top-container .search-input input.no-cursor{ color:transparent; text-shadow:0 0 0 $(body.text.color) } .collapsed-header .centered-top-container .search-input input.no-cursor:focus,.search-input input.no-cursor:focus{ outline:0 } .search-focused>*{ visibility:hidden } .search-focused .search,.search-focused .search-icon{ visibility:visible } .search.focused .search-action{ display:block } .search.focused .search-action:disabled{ opacity:.3 } .sidebar-container{ background-color:#f7f7f7; max-width:$(sidebar.width); overflow-y:auto; -webkit-transition-property:-webkit-transform; transition-property:-webkit-transform; transition-property:transform; transition-property:transform,-webkit-transform; -webkit-transition-duration:.3s; transition-duration:.3s; -webkit-transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0,0,.2,1); transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0,0,.2,1); width:$(sidebar.width); z-index:101; -webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch } .sidebar-container .navigation{ line-height:0; padding:16px } .sidebar-container .sidebar-back{ cursor:pointer } .sidebar-container .widget{ background:0 0; margin:0 16px; padding:16px 0 } .sidebar-container .widget .title{ color:$(sidebar.widget.title.color); margin:0 } .sidebar-container .widget ul{ list-style:none; margin:0; padding:0 } .sidebar-container .widget ul ul{ margin-$startSide:1em } .sidebar-container .widget li{ font-size:16px; line-height:normal } .sidebar-container .widget+.widget{ border-top:1px dashed $(sidebar.separator.color) } .BlogArchive li{ margin:16px 0 } .BlogArchive li:last-child{ margin-bottom:0 } .Label li a{ display:inline-block } .BlogArchive .post-count,.Label .label-count{ float:$endSide; margin-$startSide:.25em } .BlogArchive .post-count::before,.Label .label-count::before{ content:"(" } .BlogArchive .post-count::after,.Label .label-count::after{ content:")" } .widget.Translate .skiptranslate>div{ display:block!important } .widget.Profile .profile-link{ display:-webkit-box; display:-webkit-flex; display:-ms-flexbox; display:flex } .widget.Profile .team-member .default-avatar-wrapper,.widget.Profile .team-member .profile-img{ -webkit-box-flex:0; -webkit-flex:0 0 auto; -ms-flex:0 0 auto; flex:0 0 auto; margin-$endSide:1em } .widget.Profile .individual .profile-link{ -webkit-box-orient:vertical; -webkit-box-direction:normal; -webkit-flex-direction:column; -ms-flex-direction:column; flex-direction:column } .widget.Profile .team .profile-link .profile-name{ -webkit-align-self:center; -ms-flex-item-align:center; align-self:center; display:block; -webkit-box-flex:1; -webkit-flex:1 1 auto; -ms-flex:1 1 auto; flex:1 1 auto } .dim-overlay{ background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.54); z-index:100 } body.sidebar-visible{ overflow-y:hidden } @media screen and (max-width:$(feed.width + sidebar.width + 20px - 1px)){ .sidebar-container{ bottom:0; position:fixed; top:0; left:auto; right:0 } .sidebar-container.sidebar-invisible{ -webkit-transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.4,0,.6,1); transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.4,0,.6,1); -webkit-transform:translateX($(sidebar.width)); -ms-transform:translateX($(sidebar.width)); transform:translateX($(sidebar.width)) } } .dialog{ box-shadow:0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.14),0 3px 1px -2px rgba(0,0,0,.2),0 1px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.12); background:$(body.background.color); box-sizing:border-box; color:$(body.text.color); padding:30px; position:fixed; text-align:center; width:calc(100% - 24px); z-index:101 } .dialog input[type=email],.dialog input[type=text]{ background-color:transparent; border:0; border-bottom:solid 1px rgba($(body.text.color.red),$(body.text.color.green),$(body.text.color.blue),.12); color:$(body.text.color); display:block; font-family:$(body.text.font.family); font-size:16px; line-height:24px; margin:auto; padding-bottom:7px; outline:0; text-align:center; width:100% } .dialog input[type=email]::-webkit-input-placeholder,.dialog input[type=text]::-webkit-input-placeholder{ color:$(body.text.color) } .dialog input[type=email]::-moz-placeholder,.dialog input[type=text]::-moz-placeholder{ color:$(body.text.color) } .dialog input[type=email]:-ms-input-placeholder,.dialog input[type=text]:-ms-input-placeholder{ color:$(body.text.color) } .dialog input[type=email]::-ms-input-placeholder,.dialog input[type=text]::-ms-input-placeholder{ color:$(body.text.color) } .dialog input[type=email]::placeholder,.dialog input[type=text]::placeholder{ color:$(body.text.color) } .dialog input[type=email]:focus,.dialog input[type=text]:focus{ border-bottom:solid 2px $(body.link.color); padding-bottom:6px } .dialog input.no-cursor{ color:transparent; text-shadow:0 0 0 $(body.text.color) } .dialog input.no-cursor:focus{ outline:0 } .dialog input.no-cursor:focus{ outline:0 } .dialog input[type=submit]{ font-family:$(body.text.font.family) } .dialog .goog-buttonset-default{ color:$(body.link.color) } .subscribe-popup{ max-width:364px } .subscribe-popup h3{ color:$(item.title.color); font-size:1.8em; margin-top:0 } .subscribe-popup .FollowByEmail h3{ display:none } .subscribe-popup .FollowByEmail .follow-by-email-submit{ color:$(body.link.color); display:inline-block; margin:0 auto; margin-top:24px; width:auto; white-space:normal } .subscribe-popup .FollowByEmail .follow-by-email-submit:disabled{ cursor:default; opacity:.3 } @media (max-width:800px){ .blog-name div.widget.Subscribe{ margin-bottom:16px } body.item-view .blog-name div.widget.Subscribe{ margin:8px auto 16px auto; width:100% } } body#layout .bg-photo,body#layout .bg-photo-overlay{ display:none } body#layout .page_body{ padding:0; position:relative; top:0 } body#layout .page{ display:inline-block; left:inherit; position:relative; vertical-align:top; width:540px } body#layout .centered{ max-width:954px } body#layout .navigation{ display:none } body#layout .sidebar-container{ display:inline-block; width:40% } body#layout .hamburger-menu,body#layout .search{ display:none } .widget.Sharing .sharing-button{ display:none } .widget.Sharing .sharing-buttons li{ padding:0 } .widget.Sharing .sharing-buttons li span{ display:none } .post-share-buttons{ position:relative } .centered-bottom .share-buttons .svg-icon-24,.share-buttons .svg-icon-24{ fill:$(sharing.icons.color) } .sharing-open.touch-icon-button:active .touch-icon,.sharing-open.touch-icon-button:focus .touch-icon{ background-color:transparent } .share-buttons{ background-color:$(sharing.background.color); border-radius:2px; box-shadow:0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.14),0 3px 1px -2px rgba(0,0,0,.2),0 1px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.12); color:$(sharing.text.color); list-style:none; margin:0; padding:8px 0; position:absolute; top:-11px; min-width:200px; z-index:101 } .share-buttons.hidden{ display:none } .sharing-button{ background:0 0; border:0; margin:0; outline:0; padding:0; cursor:pointer } .share-buttons li{ margin:0; height:48px } .share-buttons li:last-child{ margin-bottom:0 } .share-buttons li .sharing-platform-button{ box-sizing:border-box; cursor:pointer; display:block; height:100%; margin-bottom:0; padding:0 16px; position:relative; width:100% } .share-buttons li .sharing-platform-button:focus,.share-buttons li .sharing-platform-button:hover{ background-color:rgba(128,128,128,.1); outline:0 } .share-buttons li svg[class*=" sharing-"],.share-buttons li svg[class^=sharing-]{ position:absolute; top:10px } .share-buttons li span.sharing-platform-button{ position:relative; top:0 } .share-buttons li .platform-sharing-text{ display:block; font-size:16px; line-height:48px; white-space:nowrap } .share-buttons li .platform-sharing-text{ margin-$startSide:56px } .flat-button{ cursor:pointer; display:inline-block; font-weight:700; text-transform:uppercase; border-radius:2px; padding:8px; margin:-8px } .flat-icon-button{ background:0 0; border:0; margin:0; outline:0; padding:0; margin:-12px; padding:12px; cursor:pointer; box-sizing:content-box; display:inline-block; line-height:0 } .flat-icon-button,.flat-icon-button .splash-wrapper{ border-radius:50% } .flat-icon-button .splash.animate{ -webkit-animation-duration:.3s; animation-duration:.3s } h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{ margin:0 } .post-body h1,.post-body h2,.post-body h3,.post-body h4,.post-body h5,.post-body h6{ margin:1em 0 } .action-link,a{ color:$(body.link.color); cursor:pointer; text-decoration:none } .action-link:visited,a:visited{ color:$(body.link.visited.color) } .action-link:hover,a:hover{ color:$(body.link.hover.color) } body{ background-color:$(body.background.color); color:$(body.text.color); font:$(body.text.font); margin:0 auto } .unused{ background:$(body.background) } .dim-overlay{ z-index:100 } .all-container{ min-height:100vh; display:-webkit-box; display:-webkit-flex; display:-ms-flexbox; display:flex; -webkit-box-orient:vertical; -webkit-box-direction:normal; -webkit-flex-direction:column; -ms-flex-direction:column; flex-direction:column } body.sidebar-visible .all-container{ overflow-y:scroll } .page{ max-width:$(feed.width); width:100% } .Blog{ padding:0; padding-$startSide:136px } .main_content_container{ -webkit-box-flex:0; -webkit-flex:0 0 auto; -ms-flex:0 0 auto; flex:0 0 auto; margin:0 auto; max-width:$(feed.width + sidebar.width); width:100% } .centered-top-container{ -webkit-box-flex:0; -webkit-flex:0 0 auto; -ms-flex:0 0 auto; flex:0 0 auto } .centered-top,.centered-top-placeholder{ box-sizing:border-box; width:100% } .centered-top{ box-sizing:border-box; margin:0 auto; max-width:$(feed.width); padding:44px 136px 32px 136px; width:100% } .centered-top h3{ color:$(header.description.color); font:$(header.items.font) } .centered{ width:100% } .centered-top-firstline{ display:-webkit-box; display:-webkit-flex; display:-ms-flexbox; display:flex; position:relative; width:100% } .main_header_elements{ display:-webkit-box; display:-webkit-flex; display:-ms-flexbox; display:flex; -webkit-box-flex:0; -webkit-flex:0 1 auto; -ms-flex:0 1 auto; flex:0 1 auto; -webkit-box-ordinal-group:2; -webkit-order:1; -ms-flex-order:1; order:1; overflow-x:hidden; width:100% } html[dir=rtl] .main_header_elements{ -webkit-box-ordinal-group:3; -webkit-order:2; -ms-flex-order:2; order:2 } body.search-view .centered-top.search-focused .blog-name{ display:none } .widget.Header img{ max-width:100% } .blog-name{ -webkit-box-flex:1; -webkit-flex:1 1 auto; -ms-flex:1 1 auto; flex:1 1 auto; min-width:0; -webkit-box-ordinal-group:2; -webkit-order:1; -ms-flex-order:1; order:1; -webkit-transition:opacity .2s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1); transition:opacity .2s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1) } .subscribe-section-container{ -webkit-box-flex:0; -webkit-flex:0 0 auto; -ms-flex:0 0 auto; flex:0 0 auto; -webkit-box-ordinal-group:3; -webkit-order:2; -ms-flex-order:2; order:2 } .search{ -webkit-box-flex:0; -webkit-flex:0 0 auto; -ms-flex:0 0 auto; flex:0 0 auto; -webkit-box-ordinal-group:4; -webkit-order:3; -ms-flex-order:3; order:3; line-height:$(blog.title.font.size) } .search svg{ margin-bottom:$(blog.title.font.size / 2 - 12px); margin-top:$(blog.title.font.size / 2 - 12px); padding-bottom:0; padding-top:0 } .search,.search.focused{ display:block; width:auto } .search .section{ opacity:0; position:absolute; right:0; top:0; -webkit-transition:opacity .2s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1); transition:opacity .2s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1) } .search-expand{ background:0 0; border:0; margin:0; outline:0; padding:0; display:block } .search.focused .search-expand{ visibility:hidden } .hamburger-menu{ float:right; height:$(blog.title.font.size) } .search-expand,.subscribe-section-container{ margin-$startSide:44px } .hamburger-section{ -webkit-box-flex:1; -webkit-flex:1 0 auto; -ms-flex:1 0 auto; flex:1 0 auto; margin-left:44px; -webkit-box-ordinal-group:3; -webkit-order:2; -ms-flex-order:2; order:2 } html[dir=rtl] .hamburger-section{ -webkit-box-ordinal-group:2; -webkit-order:1; -ms-flex-order:1; order:1 } .search-expand-icon{ display:none } .search-expand-text{ display:block } .search-input{ width:100% } .search-focused .hamburger-section{ visibility:visible } .centered-top-secondline .PageList ul{ margin:0; max-height:$(header.items.font.size * 12 / 7 * 6 + 144px); overflow-y:hidden } .centered-top-secondline .PageList li{ margin-$endSide:30px } .centered-top-secondline .PageList li:first-child a{ padding-$startSide:0 } .centered-top-secondline .PageList .overflow-popup ul{ overflow-y:auto } .centered-top-secondline .PageList .overflow-popup li{ display:block } .centered-top-secondline .PageList .overflow-popup li.hidden{ display:none } .overflowable-contents li{ display:inline-block; height:$(header.items.font.size * 12 / 7 + 24px) } .sticky .blog-name{ overflow:hidden } .sticky .blog-name .widget.Header h1{ overflow:hidden; text-overflow:ellipsis; white-space:nowrap } .sticky .blog-name .widget.Header p,.sticky .centered-top-secondline{ display:none } .centered-top-container,.centered-top-placeholder{ background:$(header.background) } .centered-top .svg-icon-24{ fill:$(header.items.color) } .blog-name h1,.blog-name h1 a{ color:$(blog.title.color); font:$(blog.title.font); line-height:$(blog.title.font.size); text-transform:uppercase } .widget.Header .header-widget p{ font:$(header.description.font); font-style:italic; color:$(header.description.color); line-height:1.6; max-width:$(feed.width - 604px) } .centered-top .flat-button{ color:$(header.items.color); cursor:pointer; font:$(header.items.font); line-height:$(blog.title.font.size); text-transform:uppercase; -webkit-transition:opacity .2s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1); transition:opacity .2s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1) } .subscribe-button{ background:0 0; border:0; margin:0; outline:0; padding:0; display:block } html[dir=ltr] .search form{ margin-right:12px } .search.focused .section{ opacity:1; margin-right:36px; width:calc(100% - 36px) } .search input{ border:0; color:$(header.description.color); font:$(search.input.font); line-height:$(blog.title.font.size); outline:0; width:100% } .search form{ padding-bottom:0 } .search input[type=submit]{ display:none } .search input::-webkit-input-placeholder{ text-transform:uppercase } .search input::-moz-placeholder{ text-transform:uppercase } .search input:-ms-input-placeholder{ text-transform:uppercase } .search input::-ms-input-placeholder{ text-transform:uppercase } .search input::placeholder{ text-transform:uppercase } .centered-top-secondline .dim-overlay,.search .dim-overlay{ background:0 0 } .centered-top-secondline .PageList .overflow-button a,.centered-top-secondline .PageList li a{ color:$(header.pages.color); font:$(header.items.font); line-height:$(header.items.font.size * 12 / 7 + 24px); padding:12px } .centered-top-secondline .PageList li.selected a{ color:$(header.pages.selected.color) } .centered-top-secondline .overflow-popup .PageList li a{ color:$(body.text.color) } .PageList ul{ padding:0 } .sticky .search form{ border:0 } .sticky{ box-shadow:0 0 20px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.7) } .sticky .centered-top{ padding-bottom:0; padding-top:0 } .sticky .blog-name h1,.sticky .search,.sticky .search-expand,.sticky .subscribe-button{ line-height:$(blog.title.font.size + 16px) } .sticky .hamburger-section,.sticky .search-expand,.sticky .search.focused .search-submit{ -webkit-box-align:center; -webkit-align-items:center; -ms-flex-align:center; align-items:center; display:-webkit-box; display:-webkit-flex; display:-ms-flexbox; display:flex; height:$(blog.title.font.size + 16px) } .subscribe-popup h3{ color:$(dialog.title.color); font:$(dialog.title.font); margin-bottom:24px } .subscribe-popup div.widget.FollowByEmail .follow-by-email-address{ color:$(dialog.input.color); font:$(dialog.input.font) } .subscribe-popup div.widget.FollowByEmail .follow-by-email-submit{ color:$(dialog.action.color); font:$(dialog.action.font); margin-top:24px } .post-content{ -webkit-box-flex:0; -webkit-flex:0 1 auto; -ms-flex:0 1 auto; flex:0 1 auto; -webkit-box-ordinal-group:2; -webkit-order:1; -ms-flex-order:1; order:1; margin-$endSide:76px; max-width:$(feed.width - 604px); width:100% } .post-filter-message{ background-color:$(body.link.color); color:$(body.background.color); display:-webkit-box; display:-webkit-flex; display:-ms-flexbox; display:flex; font:$(feed.subtitle.font); margin:40px 136px 48px 136px; padding:10px; position:relative } .post-filter-message>*{ -webkit-box-flex:0; -webkit-flex:0 0 auto; -ms-flex:0 0 auto; flex:0 0 auto } .post-filter-message .search-query{ font-style:italic; quotes:"\201c" "\201d" "\2018" "\2019" } .post-filter-message .search-query::before{ content:open-quote } .post-filter-message .search-query::after{ content:close-quote } .post-filter-message div{ display:inline-block } .post-filter-message a{ color:$(body.background.color); display:inline-block; text-transform:uppercase } .post-filter-description{ -webkit-box-flex:1; -webkit-flex:1 1 auto; -ms-flex:1 1 auto; flex:1 1 auto; margin-$endSide:16px } .post-title{ margin-top:0 } body.feed-view .post-outer-container{ margin-top:85px } body.feed-view .feed-message+.post-outer-container,body.feed-view .post-outer-container:first-child{ margin-top:0 } .post-outer{ display:-webkit-box; display:-webkit-flex; display:-ms-flexbox; display:flex; position:relative } .post-outer .snippet-thumbnail{ -webkit-box-align:center; -webkit-align-items:center; -ms-flex-align:center; align-items:center; background:#000; display:-webkit-box; display:-webkit-flex; display:-ms-flexbox; display:flex; -webkit-box-flex:0; -webkit-flex:0 0 auto; -ms-flex:0 0 auto; flex:0 0 auto; height:256px; -webkit-box-pack:center; -webkit-justify-content:center; -ms-flex-pack:center; justify-content:center; margin-$endSide:136px; overflow:hidden; -webkit-box-ordinal-group:3; -webkit-order:2; -ms-flex-order:2; order:2; position:relative; width:256px } .post-outer .thumbnail-empty{ background:0 0 } .post-outer .snippet-thumbnail-img{ background-position:center; background-repeat:no-repeat; background-size:cover; width:100%; height:100% } .post-outer .snippet-thumbnail img{ max-height:100% } .post-title-container{ margin-bottom:16px } .post-bottom{ -webkit-box-align:baseline; -webkit-align-items:baseline; -ms-flex-align:baseline; align-items:baseline; display:-webkit-box; display:-webkit-flex; display:-ms-flexbox; display:flex; -webkit-box-pack:justify; -webkit-justify-content:space-between; -ms-flex-pack:justify; justify-content:space-between } .post-share-buttons-bottom{ float:left } .footer{ -webkit-box-flex:0; -webkit-flex:0 0 auto; -ms-flex:0 0 auto; flex:0 0 auto; margin:auto auto 0 auto; padding-bottom:32px; width:auto } .post-header-container{ margin-bottom:12px } .post-header-container .post-share-buttons-top{ float:right } .post-header-container .post-header{ float:$startSide } .byline{ display:inline-block; margin-bottom:8px } .byline,.byline a,.flat-button{ color:$(feed.button.color); font:$(feed.button.font) } .flat-button.ripple .splash{ background-color:rgba($(feed.button.color.red),$(feed.button.color.green),$(feed.button.color.blue),.4) } .flat-button.ripple:hover{ background-color:rgba($(feed.button.color.red),$(feed.button.color.green),$(feed.button.color.blue),.12) } .post-footer .byline{ text-transform:uppercase } .post-comment-link{ line-height:1 } .blog-pager{ float:$endSide; margin-$endSide:468px; margin-top:48px } .FeaturedPost{ margin-bottom:56px } .FeaturedPost h3{ margin:16px 136px 8px 136px } .shown-ad{ margin-bottom:85px; margin-top:85px } .shown-ad .inline-ad{ display:block; max-width:$(feed.width - 604px) } body.feed-view .shown-ad:last-child{ display:none } .post-title,.post-title a{ color:$(feed.title.color); font:$(feed.title.font); line-height:1.3333333333 } .feed-message{ color:$(feed.subtitle.color); font:$(feed.subtitle.font); margin-bottom:52px } .post-header-container .byline,.post-header-container .byline a{ color:$(feed.subtitle.color); font:$(feed.subtitle.font) } .post-header-container .byline.post-author:not(:last-child)::after{ content:"\b7" } .post-header-container .byline.post-author:not(:last-child){ margin-$endSide:0 } .post-snippet-container{ font:$(feed.text.font) } .sharing-button{ text-transform:uppercase; word-break:normal } .post-outer-container .svg-icon-24{ fill:$(feed.button.color) } .post-body{ color:$(feed.text.color); font:$(feed.text.font); line-height:2; margin-bottom:24px } .blog-pager .blog-pager-older-link{ color:$(feed.button.color); float:right; font:$(feed.button.font); text-transform:uppercase } .no-posts-message{ margin:32px } body.item-view .Blog .post-title-container{ background-color:$(item.title.background.color); box-sizing:border-box; margin-bottom:-1px; padding-bottom:86px; padding-$endSide:290px; padding-$startSide:140px; padding-top:124px; width:100% } body.item-view .Blog .post-title,body.item-view .Blog .post-title a{ color:$(item.title.color); font:$(item.title.font); line-height:1.4166666667; margin-bottom:0 } body.item-view .Blog{ margin:0; margin-bottom:85px; padding:0 } body.item-view .Blog .post-content{ margin-$endSide:0; max-width:none } body.item-view .comments,body.item-view .shown-ad,body.item-view .widget.Blog .post-bottom{ margin-bottom:0; margin-$endSide:400px; margin-$startSide:140px; margin-top:0 } body.item-view .widget.Header header p{ max-width:$(feed.width - 540px) } body.item-view .shown-ad{ margin-bottom:24px; 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font-size:$(body.text.font.size * 2 * 2); font-weight:600; line-height:1; margin-$endSide:16px } body.item-view .Blog .post-body div[style*="text-align: center"]::first-letter{ float:none; font-size:inherit; font-weight:inherit; line-height:inherit; margin-right:0 } body.item-view .Blog .post-body::first-line{ color:$(item.action.color) } body.item-view .Blog .post-body-container .post-sidebar{ $endSide:0; position:absolute; top:0; width:290px } body.item-view .Blog .post-body-container .post-sidebar .sharing-button{ display:inline-block } .widget.Attribution{ clear:both; font:$(attribution.text.font); padding-top:2em } .widget.Attribution .blogger{ margin:12px } .widget.Attribution svg{ fill:$(attribution.icon.color) } body.item-view .PopularPosts{ margin-$startSide:140px } body.item-view .PopularPosts .widget-content>ul{ padding-left:0 } body.item-view .PopularPosts .widget-content>ul>li{ display:block } body.item-view .PopularPosts .post-content{ margin-$endSide:76px; max-width:664px } body.item-view .PopularPosts .post:not(:last-child){ margin-bottom:85px } body.item-view .post-body-container img{ height:auto; max-width:100% } body.item-view .PopularPosts>.title{ color:$(item.subtitle.color); font:$(item.subtitle.font); margin-bottom:36px } body.item-view .post-sidebar .post-labels-sidebar{ margin-top:48px; min-width:150px } body.item-view .post-sidebar .post-labels-sidebar h3{ color:$(body.text.color); font:$(item.action.font); margin-bottom:16px } body.item-view .post-sidebar .post-labels-sidebar a{ color:$(item.action.color); display:block; font:$(item.label.font); font-style:italic; line-height:2 } body.item-view blockquote{ font:$(item.blockquote.font); font-style:italic; quotes:"\201c" "\201d" "\2018" "\2019" } body.item-view blockquote::before{ content:open-quote } body.item-view blockquote::after{ content:close-quote } body.item-view .post-bottom{ display:-webkit-box; display:-webkit-flex; display:-ms-flexbox; display:flex; float:none } body.item-view .widget.Blog .post-share-buttons-bottom{ -webkit-box-flex:0; -webkit-flex:0 1 auto; -ms-flex:0 1 auto; flex:0 1 auto; -webkit-box-ordinal-group:3; -webkit-order:2; -ms-flex-order:2; order:2 } body.item-view .widget.Blog .post-footer{ line-height:1; margin-$endSide:24px } .widget.Blog body.item-view .post-bottom{ margin-$endSide:0; margin-bottom:80px } body.item-view .post-footer .post-labels .byline-label{ color:$(body.text.color); font:$(item.action.font) } body.item-view .post-footer .post-labels a{ color:$(item.action.color); display:inline-block; font:$(item.label.font); line-height:2 } body.item-view .post-footer .post-labels a:not(:last-child)::after{ content:", " } body.item-view #comments{ border-top:0; padding:0 } body.item-view #comments h3.title{ color:$(item.subtitle.color); font:$(item.subtitle.font); margin-bottom:48px } body.item-view #comments .comment-form h4{ position:absolute; clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px); padding:0; border:0; height:1px; width:1px; overflow:hidden } .heroPost{ display:-webkit-box; display:-webkit-flex; display:-ms-flexbox; display:flex; position:relative } .widget.Blog .heroPost{ margin-$startSide:-136px } .heroPost .big-post-title .post-snippet{ color:$(heropost.main.text.color) } .heroPost.noimage .post-snippet{ color:$(heropost.secondary.text.color) } .heroPost .big-post-image-top{ display:none; background-size:cover; background-position:center } .heroPost .big-post-title{ background-color:$(heropost.main.background.color); box-sizing:border-box; -webkit-box-flex:1; -webkit-flex:1 1 auto; -ms-flex:1 1 auto; flex:1 1 auto; max-width:$(feed.width - 392px); min-width:0; padding-bottom:84px; padding-$endSide:76px; padding-$startSide:136px; padding-top:76px } .heroPost.noimage .big-post-title{ -webkit-box-flex:1; -webkit-flex:1 0 auto; -ms-flex:1 0 auto; flex:1 0 auto; max-width:480px; width:480px } .heroPost .big-post-title h3{ margin:0 0 24px } .heroPost .big-post-title h3 a{ color:$(heropost.main.title.color) } .heroPost .big-post-title .post-body{ color:$(heropost.main.text.color) } .heroPost .big-post-title .item-byline{ color:$(heropost.main.text.color); margin-bottom:24px } .heroPost .big-post-title .item-byline .post-timestamp{ display:block } .heroPost .big-post-title .item-byline a{ color:$(heropost.main.text.color) } .heroPost .byline,.heroPost .byline a,.heroPost .flat-button{ color:$(heropost.main.button.color) } .heroPost .flat-button.ripple .splash{ background-color:rgba($(heropost.main.button.color.red),$(heropost.main.button.color.green),$(heropost.main.button.color.blue),.4) } .heroPost .flat-button.ripple:hover{ background-color:rgba($(heropost.main.button.color.red),$(heropost.main.button.color.green),$(heropost.main.button.color.blue),.12) } .heroPost .big-post-image{ background-position:center; background-repeat:no-repeat; background-size:cover; -webkit-box-flex:0; -webkit-flex:0 0 auto; -ms-flex:0 0 auto; flex:0 0 auto; width:392px } .heroPost .big-post-text{ background-color:$(heropost.secondary.background.color); box-sizing:border-box; color:$(heropost.secondary.text.color); -webkit-box-flex:1; -webkit-flex:1 1 auto; -ms-flex:1 1 auto; flex:1 1 auto; min-width:0; padding:48px } .heroPost .big-post-text .post-snippet-fade{ color:$(heropost.secondary.text.color); background:-webkit-linear-gradient(right,$(heropost.secondary.background.color),$(heropost.secondary.background.color.transparent)); background:linear-gradient(to left,$(heropost.secondary.background.color),$(heropost.secondary.background.color.transparent)) } .heroPost .big-post-text .byline,.heroPost .big-post-text .byline a,.heroPost .big-post-text .jump-link,.heroPost .big-post-text .sharing-button{ color:$(heropost.secondary.button.color) } .heroPost .big-post-text .snippet-item::first-letter{ color:$(heropost.secondary.dropcap.color); float:left; font-weight:700; margin-right:12px } .sidebar-container{ background-color:$(sidebar.backgroundColor) } body.sidebar-visible .sidebar-container{ box-shadow:0 0 20px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.7) } .sidebar-container .svg-icon-24{ fill:$(sidebar.icon.color) } .sidebar-container .navigation .sidebar-back{ float:right } .sidebar-container .widget{ padding-right:16px; margin-right:0; margin-left:38px } .sidebar-container .widget+.widget{ border-top:solid 1px #bdbdbd } .sidebar-container .widget .title{ font:$(sidebar.widget.title.font) } .collapsible{ width:100% } .widget.Profile{ border-top:0; margin:0; margin-left:38px; margin-top:24px; padding-right:0 } body.sidebar-visible .widget.Profile{ margin-left:0 } .widget.Profile h2{ display:none } .widget.Profile h3.title{ color:$(sidebar.profile.title.color); margin:16px 32px } .widget.Profile .individual{ text-align:center } .widget.Profile .individual .default-avatar-wrapper .avatar-icon{ margin:auto } .widget.Profile .team{ margin-bottom:32px; margin-left:32px; margin-right:32px } .widget.Profile ul{ list-style:none; padding:0 } .widget.Profile li{ margin:10px 0; text-align:left } .widget.Profile .profile-img{ border-radius:50%; float:none } .widget.Profile .profile-info{ margin-bottom:12px } .profile-snippet-fade{ background:-webkit-linear-gradient(right,$(sidebar.backgroundColor) 0,$(sidebar.backgroundColor) 20%,$(sidebar.backgroundColor.transparent) 100%); background:linear-gradient(to left,$(sidebar.backgroundColor) 0,$(sidebar.backgroundColor) 20%,$(sidebar.backgroundColor.transparent) 100%); height:1.7em; position:absolute; right:16px; top:11.7em; width:96px } .profile-snippet-fade::after{ content:"\2026"; float:right } .widget.Profile .profile-location{ color:$(sidebar.profile.text.color); font-size:16px; margin:0; opacity:.74 } .widget.Profile .team-member .profile-link::after{ clear:both; content:""; display:table } .widget.Profile .team-member .profile-name{ word-break:break-word } .widget.Profile .profile-datablock .profile-link{ color:$(sidebar.profile.title.color); font:$(sidebar.profile.link.font); font-size:24px; text-transform:none; word-break:break-word } .widget.Profile .profile-datablock .profile-link+div{ margin-top:16px!important } .widget.Profile .profile-link{ font:$(sidebar.profile.link.font); font-size:14px } .widget.Profile .profile-textblock{ color:$(sidebar.profile.text.color); font-size:14px; line-height:24px; margin:0 18px; opacity:.74; overflow:hidden; position:relative; word-break:break-word } .widget.Label .list-label-widget-content li a{ width:100%; word-wrap:break-word } .extendable .show-less,.extendable .show-more{ font:$(sidebar.profile.link.font); font-size:14px; margin:0 -8px } .widget.BlogArchive .post-count{ color:$(body.text.color) } .Label li{ margin:16px 0 } .Label li:last-child{ margin-bottom:0 } .post-snippet.snippet-container{ max-height:$(body.text.font.size * 4 * 2) } .post-snippet .snippet-item{ line-height:$(body.text.font.size * 2) } .post-snippet .snippet-fade{ background:-webkit-linear-gradient($startSide,$(body.background.color) 0,$(body.background.color) 20%,$(body.background.color.transparent) 100%); background:linear-gradient(to $startSide,$(body.background.color) 0,$(body.background.color) 20%,$(body.background.color.transparent) 100%); color:$(body.text.color); height:$(body.text.font.size * 2) } .hero-post-snippet.snippet-container{ max-height:$(body.text.font.size * 4 * 2) } .hero-post-snippet .snippet-item{ line-height:$(body.text.font.size * 2) } .hero-post-snippet .snippet-fade{ background:-webkit-linear-gradient($startSide,$(heropost.main.background.color) 0,$(heropost.main.background.color) 20%,$(heropost.main.background.color.transparent) 100%); background:linear-gradient(to $startSide,$(heropost.main.background.color) 0,$(heropost.main.background.color) 20%,$(heropost.main.background.color.transparent) 100%); color:$(heropost.main.text.color); height:$(body.text.font.size * 2) } .hero-post-snippet a{ color:$(heropost.main.link.color) } .hero-post-noimage-snippet.snippet-container{ max-height:$(body.text.font.size * 8 * 2) } .hero-post-noimage-snippet .snippet-item{ line-height:$(body.text.font.size * 2) } .hero-post-noimage-snippet .snippet-fade{ background:-webkit-linear-gradient($startSide,$(heropost.secondary.background.color) 0,$(heropost.secondary.background.color) 20%,$(heropost.secondary.background.color.transparent) 100%); background:linear-gradient(to $startSide,$(heropost.secondary.background.color) 0,$(heropost.secondary.background.color) 20%,$(heropost.secondary.background.color.transparent) 100%); color:$(heropost.secondary.text.color); height:$(body.text.font.size * 2) } .popular-posts-snippet.snippet-container{ max-height:$(body.text.font.size * 4 * 2) } .popular-posts-snippet .snippet-item{ line-height:$(body.text.font.size * 2) } .popular-posts-snippet .snippet-fade{ background:-webkit-linear-gradient($startSide,$(body.background.color) 0,$(body.background.color) 20%,$(body.background.color.transparent) 100%); background:linear-gradient(to $startSide,$(body.background.color) 0,$(body.background.color) 20%,$(body.background.color.transparent) 100%); color:$(body.text.color); height:$(body.text.font.size * 2) } .profile-snippet.snippet-container{ max-height:192px } .profile-snippet .snippet-item{ line-height:24px } .profile-snippet .snippet-fade{ background:-webkit-linear-gradient($startSide,$(sidebar.backgroundColor) 0,$(sidebar.backgroundColor) 20%,$(sidebar.backgroundColor.transparent) 100%); background:linear-gradient(to $startSide,$(sidebar.backgroundColor) 0,$(sidebar.backgroundColor) 20%,$(sidebar.backgroundColor.transparent) 100%); color:$(sidebar.profile.text.color); height:24px } .hero-post-noimage-snippet .snippet-item::first-letter{ font-size:$(body.text.font.size * 4); line-height:$(body.text.font.size * 4) } #comments a,#comments cite,#comments div{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.4 } #comments .comment .comment-header .user,#comments .comment .comment-header .user a{ color:$(body.text.color); font:$(item.action.font) } #comments .comment .comment-header .datetime a{ color:$(item.subtitle.color); font:$(item.action.font) } #comments .comment .comment-header .datetime a::before{ content:"\b7 " } #comments .comment .comment-content{ margin-top:6px } #comments .comment .comment-actions{ color:$(item.action.color); font:$(item.action.font) } #comments .continue{ display:none } #comments .comment-footer{ margin-top:8px } .cmt_iframe_holder{ margin-$startSide:140px!important } body.variant-rockpool_deep_orange .centered-top-secondline .PageList .overflow-popup li a{ color:#000 } body.variant-rockpool_pink .blog-name h1,body.variant-rockpool_pink .blog-name h1 a{ text-transform:none } body.variant-rockpool_deep_orange .post-filter-message{ background-color:$(header.background.color) } @media screen and (max-width:$(feed.width + sidebar.width + 20px - 1px)){ .page{ float:none; margin:0 auto; max-width:none!important } .page_body{ max-width:$(feed.width); margin:0 auto } } @media screen and (max-width:1280px){ .heroPost .big-post-image{ display:table-cell; left:auto; position:static; top:auto } .heroPost .big-post-title{ display:table-cell } } @media screen and (max-width:1168px){ .centered-top-container,.centered-top-placeholder{ padding:24px 24px 32px 24px } .sticky{ padding:0 24px } .subscribe-section-container{ margin-$startSide:48px } .hamburger-section{ margin-left:48px } .big-post-text-inner,.big-post-title-inner{ margin:0 auto; max-width:920px } .centered-top{ padding:0; max-width:920px } .Blog{ padding:0 } body.item-view .Blog{ padding:0 24px; margin:0 auto; max-width:920px } .post-filter-description{ margin-$endSide:36px } .post-outer{ display:block } .post-content{ max-width:none; margin:0 } .post-outer .snippet-thumbnail{ width:920px; height:613.3333333333px; margin-bottom:16px } .post-outer .snippet-thumbnail.thumbnail-empty{ display:none } .shown-ad .inline-ad{ max-width:100% } body.item-view .Blog{ padding:0; max-width:none } .post-filter-message{ margin:24px calc((100% - 920px)/ 2); max-width:none } .FeaturedPost h3,body.feed-view .blog-posts,body.feed-view .feed-message{ margin-left:calc((100% - 920px)/ 2); margin-right:calc((100% - 920px)/ 2) } body.item-view .Blog .post-title-container{ padding:62px calc((100% - 920px)/ 2) 24px } body.item-view .Blog .post-header-container{ padding-$startSide:calc((100% - 920px)/ 2) } body.item-view .Blog .post-body-container,body.item-view .comments,body.item-view .post-outer-container>.shown-ad,body.item-view .widget.Blog .post-bottom{ margin:32px calc((100% - 920px)/ 2); padding:0 } body.item-view .cmt_iframe_holder{ margin:32px 24px!important } .blog-pager{ margin-left:calc((100% - 920px)/ 2); margin-right:calc((100% - 920px)/ 2) } body.item-view .post-bottom{ margin:0 auto; max-width:968px } body.item-view .PopularPosts .post-content{ max-width:100%; margin-right:0 } body.item-view .Blog .post-body{ margin-$endSide:0 } body.item-view .Blog .post-sidebar{ display:none } body.item-view .widget.Blog .post-share-buttons-bottom{ margin-$endSide:24px } body.item-view .PopularPosts{ margin:0 auto; max-width:920px } body.item-view .comment-thread-title{ margin-$startSide:calc((100% - 920px)/ 2) } .heroPost{ display:block } .heroPost .big-post-title{ display:block; max-width:none; padding:24px } .heroPost .big-post-image{ display:none } .heroPost .big-post-image-top{ display:block; height:613.3333333333px; margin:0 auto; max-width:920px } .heroPost .big-post-image-top-container{ background-color:$(heropost.main.background.color) } .heroPost.noimage .big-post-title{ max-width:none; width:100% } .heroPost.noimage .big-post-text{ position:static; width:100% } .heroPost .big-post-text{ padding:24px } } @media screen and (max-width:968px){ body{ font-size:$(body.text.font.size * 14 / 20) } .post-header-container .byline,.post-header-container .byline a{ font-size:14px } .post-title,.post-title a{ font-size:24px } .post-outer .snippet-thumbnail{ width:100%; height:calc((100vw - 48px) * 2 / 3) } body.item-view .Blog .post-title-container{ padding:62px 24px 24px 24px } body.item-view .Blog .post-header-container{ padding-$startSide:24px } body.item-view .Blog .post-body-container,body.item-view .PopularPosts,body.item-view .comments,body.item-view .post-outer-container>.shown-ad,body.item-view .widget.Blog .post-bottom{ margin:32px 24px; padding:0 } .FeaturedPost h3,body.feed-view .blog-posts,body.feed-view .feed-message{ margin-left:24px; margin-right:24px } .post-filter-message{ margin:24px 24px 48px 24px } body.item-view blockquote{ font-size:18px } body.item-view .Blog .post-title{ font-size:$(item.title.font.size * 24 / 48) } body.item-view .Blog .post-body{ font-size:$(body.text.font.size * 14 / 20) } body.item-view .Blog .post-body::first-letter{ font-size:$(body.text.font.size * 14 / 20 * 4); line-height:$(body.text.font.size * 14 / 20 * 4) } .main_header_elements{ position:relative; display:block } .search.focused .section{ margin-right:0; width:100% } html[dir=ltr] .search form{ margin-right:0 } .hamburger-section{ margin-left:24px } .search-expand-icon{ display:block; float:left; height:24px; margin-top:-12px } .search-expand-text{ display:none } .subscribe-section-container{ margin-top:12px } .subscribe-section-container{ float:$startSide; margin-$startSide:0 } .search-expand{ position:absolute; $endSide:0; top:0 } html[dir=ltr] .search-expand{ margin-left:24px } .centered-top.search-focused .subscribe-section-container{ opacity:0 } .blog-name{ float:none } .blog-name{ margin-$endSide:36px } .centered-top-secondline .PageList li{ margin-$endSide:24px } .centered-top.search-focused .subscribe-button,.centered-top.search-focused .subscribe-section-container{ opacity:1 } body.item-view .comment-thread-title{ margin-$startSide:24px } .blog-pager{ margin-left:24px; margin-right:24px } .heroPost .big-post-image-top{ width:100%; height:calc(100vw * 2 / 3) } .popular-posts-snippet.snippet-container,.post-snippet.snippet-container{ font-size:14px; max-height:112px } .popular-posts-snippet .snippet-item,.post-snippet .snippet-item{ line-height:2 } .popular-posts-snippet .snippet-fade,.post-snippet .snippet-fade{ height:28px } .hero-post-snippet.snippet-container{ font-size:14px; max-height:112px } .hero-post-snippet .snippet-item{ line-height:2 } .hero-post-snippet .snippet-fade{ height:28px } .hero-post-noimage-snippet.snippet-container{ font-size:14px; line-height:2; max-height:224px } .hero-post-noimage-snippet .snippet-item{ line-height:2 } .hero-post-noimage-snippet .snippet-fade{ height:28px } .hero-post-noimage-snippet .snippet-item::first-letter{ font-size:56px; line-height:normal } body.item-view .post-body-container .separator[style*="text-align: center"] a[imageanchor="1"]{ margin-left:-24px!important; margin-right:-24px!important } body.item-view .post-body-container .separator[style*="text-align: center"] a[imageanchor="1"][style*="float: left;"],body.item-view .post-body-container .separator[style*="text-align: center"] a[imageanchor="1"][style*="float: right;"]{ margin-left:0!important; margin-right:0!important } body.item-view .post-body-container .separator[style*="text-align: center"] a[imageanchor="1"][style*="float: left;"] img,body.item-view .post-body-container .separator[style*="text-align: center"] a[imageanchor="1"][style*="float: right;"] img{ max-width:100% } } @media screen and (min-width:$(feed.width + sidebar.width + 20px)){ .page{ float:left } .centered-top{ max-width:$(feed.width + sidebar.width); padding:44px $(sidebar.width + 136px) 32px 136px } .sidebar-container{ box-shadow:none; float:right; max-width:$(sidebar.width); z-index:32 } .sidebar-container .navigation{ display:none } .hamburger-section,.sticky .hamburger-section{ display:none } .search.focused .section{ margin-right:0; width:100% } #footer{ padding-right:$(sidebar.width) } } ]]> <![CDATA[ body#layout .hidden, body#layout .invisible { display: inherit; } body#layout .navigation { display: none; } body#layout .page { display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 55%; } body#layout .sidebar-container { display: inline-block; float: right; width: 40%; } body#layout .hamburger-menu, body#layout .search { display: none; } ]]>

On the homepage, add a 'recent posts' title before the first standard post.
Cap the total number of ads (widgets and inline ads). Filter out the featured post, but only on the homepage.
Show a 'read more' link if no jump link is present. Mark parent byline element as a flat-button.
No title for single profiles. Default to 'Blog authors' for team.

false true 0 true true
Show a 'read more' link if no jump link is present. Mark parent byline element as a flat-button.
false #ffffff true true #ffffff true #ffffff TextAndImage #ffffff false 1x1 true true true 2 false #ffffff true false On the homepage, add a 'recent posts' title before the first standard post.
Cap the total number of ads (widgets and inline ads). Filter out the featured post, but only on the homepage.

اطبع هذه الصفحة
الاستاذ الدكتور فراس عبد الجبار الربيعي

الاستاذ الدكتور فراس عبد الجبار الربيعي

يتم التشغيل بواسطة Blogger.